OpenAI Adds the Invisible textGrain Watermark to ChatGPT Text in the EU: About 95% Detection at 400 Tokens, Under 20% Once a Quarter of the Words Change
On October 5 OpenAI announced that, to meet the transparency requirements in Article 50 of the EU AI Act, it will add an invisible watermark called textGrain to text generated by ChatGPT and Codex for EU users on all plans over the coming weeks; API customers anywhere can turn it on themselves, off by default, and it is not becoming a global default for now. When several words would fit equally well, textGrain uses a secret key to decide which one is chosen, inserting no hidden characters, so that over a long enough passage a detector holding the key can spot the pattern. In OpenAI's published tests, detection is about 95% at 400 tokens and about 80% at 200; replacing 10% of words with synonyms drops 400-token detection from about 92% to 66%, and replacing 25% pushes it below 20%. The detector is initially open only to approved researchers and expert organizations.










